Pain Meds for Dogs: Effective Relief Options
Dogs are living longer lives than ever before, bringing new challenges in managing their health and well-being. As they age, these beloved pets face increased risks of diseases and discomfort.
Understanding how to recognize signs of pain in dogs is crucial. Knowing which medications are safe and whether a prescription is needed can make a big difference. Always consult with a veterinarian before starting any new medication for your dog to ensure their safety and health.
Understanding Canine Pain
Dogs experience different types of pain, and recognizing the signs can help in providing the right care. It’s important to know what kind of pain your dog might be feeling and how to spot it.
Types of Pain Experienced by Dogs
Pain in dogs can be acute or chronic. Acute pain happens suddenly, often due to injury or surgery. Chronic pain lasts longer and can be due to conditions like arthritis.
Acute Pain
Acute pain typically arises from injury, surgery, or infection. It is sharp and immediate, often accompanied by noticeable behavioral changes. These changes serve as a natural response to help your dog’s body heal from the inflicted injury.
Chronic Pain
Chronic pain results from long-term conditions such as arthritis, cancer, or hip dysplasia. It is persistent and may worsen over time, causing significant stress to your dog and negatively impacting their quality of life.
Localised Pain
This is specific to one area, such as a paw or ear. This is usually caused by injury or inflammation to that specific area. Behavioural changes pertaining to that area might be seen such as your dog being aggressive when handled in that area or inability to move.
Localized pain is confined to a specific area, such as a paw or ear, and is often caused by injury or inflammation in that region. Behavioral changes related to the affected area may include aggression when the area is touched or an inability to move it comfortably.
Generalised Pain
Generalized pain affects the entire body and is often associated with conditions such as arthritis or other systemic diseases. It can lead to mobility issues, lethargy, and a loss of appetite, reflecting the widespread discomfort your dog is experiencing.
Pain Meds for Dogs
Anti-Inflammatory Medications for Dogs
Some anti-inflammatory drugs help control pain and reduce swelling in dogs with conditions like osteoarthritis. These meds lower the body’s reaction to inflammation, which eases pain.
Despite their benefits, these medications might disrupt certain functions in a dog’s body, such as stomach and intestines lining protection, kidney blood flow, and platelet function. Only use anti-inflammatory drugs approved by a vet.
Dogs with liver or kidney issues may not be able to take these medications. Blood tests and urinalysis might be required before and during treatment. These tests help vets monitor how the dog’s body and organs are handling the medication.
Anti-inflammatory drugs can be prescribed for surgeries and long-term conditions like hip dysplasia, and osteoarthritis. These can also be used safely with medications like tramadol, gabapentin, or joint supplements.
Common anti-inflammatory drugs include:
| Medication | Form | Frequency |
| Carprofen (Novox or Rimadyl®) | Tablet, caplet, chewable | Once or twice daily |
| Deracoxib (Deramaxx™) | Chewable tablet | Once daily |
| Firocoxib (Previcox®) | Flavoured chewable tablet | Once daily |
| Meloxicam (Metacam®) | Flavoured tablet, liquid | Once daily |
Keep an eye on your dog for side effects and signs of toxicity. Contact your vet immediately if there are any concerns.
Pain Relievers for Dogs
Pain relievers work by targeting receptors in a dog’s brain to provide relief from moderate to severe pain. They may be given after surgeries or as part of sedation before general anaesthesia. A vet who maintains a detailed log for regulatory purposes must prescribe these controlled substances.
Side effects in dogs can include:
- Panting or slowed breathing
- Excessive salivation
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Barking, howling, and/or crying
- Lethargy
- Hyperexcitability
Common pain relievers for dogs include:
| Medication | Form | Use | Duration |
| Morphine | Liquid, extended-release tablet, capsule | Surgical pain, severe trauma | Short-term |
| Buprenorphine | Liquid (oral) | Surgical pain, cancer pain, trauma | Short-term |
| Codeine | Liquid, tablet | Severe arthritis pain, chronic cough, surgical pain | Short-to-medium-term |
| Butorphanol | Liquid, tablet | Surgical pain | Short-term |
| Fentanyl | Liquid, transdermal patch | Surgical pain | Short-term |
These medications need to be used carefully to avoid any risk of misuse or abuse.
Additional Pain Medications for Dogs
Other pain medications prescribed for dogs may include the following tramadol, amantadine, Librela™. Each of these medications helps alleviate pain in different ways, and a vet can advise on the best option based on a dog’s specific needs.
Supplements for Joint Pain in Dogs
Various supplements may help dogs with mild to moderate pain or be used alongside other medications. These supplements can help reduce the amount of certain medications needed.
| Supplement | Use | Forms | Availability |
| Glucosamine | Protects cartilage, used for hip dysplasia, spinal injuries | Tablets, chews, liquids | Over the counter |
| Chondroitin | Protects cartilage, used for hip dysplasia, spinal injuries | Tablets, chews, liquids | Over the counter |
| Adequan | Injectable, used for osteoarthritis, has anti-inflammatory benefits | Injection | Prescription required |
| Fish oil | Benefits osteoarthritis, skin, kidney, heart diseases, inflammatory bowel disease, diabetes, epilepsy, some cancers; has anti-inflammatory benefits | Various | Over the counter |
Helpful supplements include:These supplements are often available in various forms and can be a part of a comprehensive pain management plan.
Using the proper treatment plan for pain relief can significantly improve the quality of life for dogs. Always work closely with a vet to determine the best options for a dog’s specific situation.
Natural and Alternative Remedies
Natural and alternative remedies, such as supplements, nutraceuticals, and physical therapy techniques, are another approach to managing a dog’s pain.
Supplements and Nutraceuticals
Supplements are common in treating pain for dogs. Glucosamine and chondroitin are often used to support joint health. They can help reduce inflammation and pain, especially for older dogs with arthritis.
Omega-3 fatty acids, found in fish oil, are another supplement that can help. They can reduce inflammation and are often used alongside other treatments to improve effectiveness.
CBD oil is becoming more popular. It’s derived from hemp and can relieve pain and anxiety in dogs. Owners should check with a vet to get the right dosage and ensure it’s safe for their pet. It’s important to monitor the dog for any side effects.
Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation
Physical therapy includes exercises and stretches to maintain mobility. These can be done at home or with a professional. Activities like swimming are great as they offer low-impact exercise, reducing stress on joints.
Massage therapy can also be helpful. It can improve circulation and reduce muscle tension. To avoid harm, a vet or a trained therapist should perform it.
Acupuncture is another option. This traditional Chinese medicine involves inserting small needles into specific points. It can help manage pain and improve the dog’s overall well-being.
Laser therapy uses light to stimulate cell regeneration and blood flow. It can reduce pain and inflammation. This therapy should be performed by a veterinarian trained in its use. Regular sessions may be needed for best results.
Monitoring and Adjusting Treatment
Regular checks and keeping a pain journal are crucial to effectively manage your dog’s pain.
Regular Vet Check-ups
Regular vet visits help ensure your dog’s treatment remains effective. The vet can check for any side effects or new issues. It’s important to follow their advice on how often to bring your dog in. They may adjust the dosage or switch to a different medication if needed.
Sometimes, blood tests or other diagnostics are required to monitor your dog’s response to the medication. Observing changes in your dog’s behaviour or physical health can guide these adjustments. Keeping these appointments can prevent complications and maintain your dog’s quality of life.
Pain Journaling and Observation
Keeping a detailed pain journal helps track your dog’s pain levels and reactions to medication. Note any changes in activity, appetite, or behaviour. Record the dose and timing of medication, as well as any side effects.
This information is valuable for your vet. It provides insight into how well the treatment is working. Consistent observation helps identify patterns, making it easier to adjust the treatment plan. A pain journal can be a simple notebook or a digital app, but consistency is key.
Frequent monitoring and adjustments can significantly improve your dog’s pain management. By paying close attention to your dog and working closely with the vet, effective pain management is achievable.
Emergency Situations: Recognizing Acute Pain
Recognizing acute pain in dogs is crucial, especially during emergencies. Dogs can’t tell us when they are in pain, so pet owners need to observe behaviour closely.
Common signs of Acute Pain
Whining or whimpering is a common vocalization in dogs experiencing pain. They may also show signs of limping or difficulty moving, with sudden lameness or stiffness often indicating an injury.
Changes in posture, such as hunching, shaking, or lying in unusual positions, can also be signs of discomfort. Additionally, an increased breathing rate, characterized by rapid or shallow breathing, may signal acute pain in your dog.
Behavioural Changes
Dogs in pain may exhibit aggression or irritability, making them more likely to snap or growl. A decreased appetite is another common sign, as pain can cause them to refuse food. Restlessness or an inability to settle may also be observed, with dogs pacing or struggling to find a comfortable position.
Physical Signs
Swelling or redness may be visible on your dog, indicating inflammation or injury. Trembling or shaking can also occur as a response to pain. Additionally, persistent crying or whining may signal significant discomfort and should not be ignored.
Acting quickly when a dog shows signs of acute pain can make a big difference. Contact a vet immediately if you suspect your dog is in acute pain. Always consult a vet before giving any pain medication to ensure it’s safe for your dog.
Are Human Pain Meds Safe for Dogs?
Some medications, such as certain heart and thyroid treatments and antibiotics, can be shared by dogs and humans. However, dogs receive different doses from humans. Tablet capsules or additives can also be harmful to pets.
Dogs have different metabolisms than humans. This means some meds safe for people can be toxic or even deadly to dogs. Never give dogs common over-the-counter human pain relievers like:
- Acetaminophen (Tylenol™)
- Ibuprofen (Advil™ or Motrin™)
- Naproxen (Aleve®)
These can cause stomach bleeding, kidney failure, and liver failure. Always ask a vet before giving any human medicine to a dog.
How To Recognize If Your Dog Is in Pain
It’s helpful to know the signs that your dog might be in pain. This can guide you on when to get help from the vet.
Common signs of pain in dogs:
- Restlessness or easily distracted
- Visible discomfort such as pacing, panting, hiding, or an arched back
- Whimpering, crying, howling, or groaning
- Licking, rubbing, biting, or chewing a wound or surgery site
- Droopy ears and a worried look (shifty eyes, arched eyebrows)
- Not responding when called
- Limited movement or not moving parts of their body
- Avoiding interaction with people
- Shifting weight or limping to protect certain areas
- Reacting to touch by growling, flinching, pulling away, crying, biting, or whimpering
Observing these signs makes it easier to monitor your dog’s condition, especially if it is on medication. This helps you recognize any discomfort your dog might be experiencing.
How to Comfort a Dog in Pain
Control Your Dog’s Weight
By controlling your dog’s weight, you can reduce unnecessary pressure on joints and lower risks for diseases like diabetes and heart issues. Collaborate with your vet to adjust your dog’s diet and develop easy exercise plans that your dog can handle. This approach will gradually meet weight goals.
Keep Your Dog Active
Engage your dog in daily walks, swim therapy, or gentle exercises to keep muscles and joints moving and healthy. These activities also stimulate your dog’s mind. Many exercises release natural endorphins, which help manage pain.
Adapt Your Home for Comfort
Assist your dog in moving around the house by using things like carpet runners, dog boots, or non-slip socks.
Evaluate areas like dog doors and stairs that might be hard to navigate. You might need to buy ramps or restrict access to certain areas to keep your dog safe.
Elevated food and water bowls can also help if your dog has neck or joint pain when bending.
Complementary Therapies
Consult your vet about additional therapeutic options. Some of these include chiropractic adjustments, physical therapy exercises, underwater treadmill sessions, massages, passive motion exercises, neuromuscular stimulation, and therapeutic ultrasound.
These natural therapies can enhance pain relief, especially for pets that struggle with conventional medications or need extra care.
Various medications, supplements, and alternative therapies can help in managing a dog’s pain. Combining these methods with modern medicine often yields the best results. If your dog is in pain, seek veterinary care promptly. Always follow the prescription guidelines given by your vet for all medications and supplements.
Preventative Care and Long-term Health
Preventative care is key to keeping dogs healthy and pain-free. Regular vet visits help catch issues early. Vaccinations and dental cleanings are essential.
A balanced diet supports joint health and overall well-being. Owners should provide their pets with high-quality food. Omega-3 fatty acids and glucosamine supplements can help with joint maintenance.
Exercise is vital. Dogs need regular activity to keep their muscles strong. Daily walks, playtime, and swimming are great options for keeping a dog’s body in good shape.
Weight management is also crucial. Overweight dogs are more likely to suffer from joint pain. Monitoring a dog’s weight and adjusting their diet can help prevent obesity-related issues.
Routine Care Checklist:
- Vet Visits: Schedule at least once a year.
- Vaccinations: Keep up-to-date.
- Dental Health: Regular cleanings.
- Diet: High-quality food and supplements.
- Exercise: Daily activities.
- Weight Management: Monitor and adjust as needed.
By following these steps, dog owners can ensure their pets lead healthy, pain-free lives.
References
US Food and Drug Administration. “Galliprant — A Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug (NSAID) for Dogs with Osteoarthritis.” September 2019.
Wunsch L, Schmidt B, Krugner-Higby L, Smith L. “A comparison of the effects of hydromorphone HCl and a novel extended-release hydromorphone on arterial blood gas values in conscious healthy dogs.” Research in Veterinary Science. 2010;88(1): 154-158.
